Grist Legal Plain-English legal clarity for UK business

Grist Legal

Plain-English legal clarity for UK business

Latest Articles

Repairing Obligations, Not Blank Cheques: Managing Dilapidations at Lease End
Commercial Contracts

Repairing Obligations, Not Blank Cheques: Managing Dilapidations at Lease End

A dilapidations claim is not an automatic bill for everything the landlord would like to change. UK tenants who understand their repairing covenants, gather evidence early and negotiate on the right basis can control the final demand rather than simply receive it.

Clock Running, Evidence Fading: A Small Firm's Data Breach Response Plan
Company Law

Clock Running, Evidence Fading: A Small Firm's Data Breach Response Plan

The 72-hour deadline to notify the ICO is rarely missed because a business misread the legal test. It is missed because nobody knew who was in charge, what had been switched off, or where the incident log was kept. This is a practical response plan for UK SMEs, from containment to customer communications.

The Label Is Not the Shield: Without Prejudice Correspondence in UK Disputes
Dispute Resolution

The Label Is Not the Shield: Without Prejudice Correspondence in UK Disputes

A without prejudice label can protect genuine settlement negotiations, but it will not rescue a careless email chain. This article explains how UK businesses can separate open and settlement correspondence, limit circulation and keep the protection intact in 2026.

Countdown to Vacant Possession: Making a Commercial Lease Break Work in 2026
Commercial Contracts

Countdown to Vacant Possession: Making a Commercial Lease Break Work in 2026

A break clause can look like a guaranteed exit from a commercial lease, but UK law treats it as a conditional right that must be exercised exactly as the lease requires. This guide sets out the common traps around rent, vacant possession, notice and evidence, and offers a practical countdown for tenants approaching a break date in 2026.

Stars, Slanders and Screenshots: How a UK Business Should Handle a Damaging Review
Dispute Resolution

Stars, Slanders and Screenshots: How a UK Business Should Handle a Damaging Review

A single hostile review rarely sinks a business, but a hurried public reply can. This article explains where a review crosses into defamation, malicious falsehood or harassment, why the instinct to answer in kind is so costly, and how owner-managers should triage and preserve evidence before asking a platform to intervene.

The Signature That Outlives the Company: Personal Guarantees and Director Exposure
Company Law

The Signature That Outlives the Company: Personal Guarantees and Director Exposure

A personal guarantee converts a limited liability structure into personal exposure the moment a lender calls it in. This guide explains what directors are actually signing, the triggers banks rely on, and the points worth negotiating before the pen comes out.

A Good Word, Carefully Chosen: Reference Practice for UK Employers in 2026
Employment Law

A Good Word, Carefully Chosen: Reference Practice for UK Employers in 2026

A reference can open a door or close one, and it can also land the employer in a tribunal. This guide explains when UK businesses must provide a reference, what they can safely say, and how to control the informal comments that carry the same legal risk.

Before the Ink Dries: When Early Deal Documents Can Bind a UK Business
Commercial Contracts

Before the Ink Dries: When Early Deal Documents Can Bind a UK Business

Heads of terms and letters of intent are often marked 'subject to contract' on the assumption that nothing binds until signature. That assumption can be wrong. This guide explains when pre-contract documents, exclusivity terms and informal messages can create enforceable obligations — and what UK businesses should check before proceeding in 2026.

The Director's Loan Trap: Keeping Company Money and Personal Borrowing Apart in 2026
Company Law

The Director's Loan Trap: Keeping Company Money and Personal Borrowing Apart in 2026

An overdrawn director's loan account is often treated as an informal perk of owner-management, but it can create tax liabilities, breach directors' duties and become a serious asset in an insolvency. This guide explains the mechanics and sets out a practical 2026 compliance checklist for UK directors.

Commercial Contracts

From Footer Link to Checkout: A UK Online Terms Audit for 2026

A link to website terms in the footer is not, by itself, a legal shield. In 2026, UK online businesses need their terms, sign-up flow and checkout to work together. This practical audit covers incorporation, consumer cancellation rights, pricing errors and unfair terms.

The Board's Blind Spot: Creditor Duties When a UK Company Starts to Struggle
Dispute Resolution

The Board's Blind Spot: Creditor Duties When a UK Company Starts to Struggle

When cash flow tightens, UK directors often focus on shareholders, staff and the next customer invoice. A less obvious duty can later become personal liability: acting in the interests of creditors. This guide explains the warning signs, the board paper trail that matters, and when to take advice before wrongful trading risk escalates.

The Algorithm in the Annex: A Practical Guide to AI Clauses in UK Commercial Contracts
Commercial Contracts

The Algorithm in the Annex: A Practical Guide to AI Clauses in UK Commercial Contracts

AI terms often sit in schedules and definitions rather than the main contract. This practical guide explains how UK businesses can spot data-use, IP, confidentiality and liability clauses before signing, and negotiate them proportionately.

When a Shareholder Dies: The Buyout Clause That Prevents a Company Freeze
Dispute Resolution

When a Shareholder Dies: The Buyout Clause That Prevents a Company Freeze

A shareholder's death can leave shares stuck in probate and major decisions blocked. This article explains the default position, why a cross-option agreement and insurance matter, and what directors should review now.

Verified or Blocked: The Companies House Identity Checklist UK Directors Need in 2026
Commercial Contracts

Verified or Blocked: The Companies House Identity Checklist UK Directors Need in 2026

Identity verification is no longer a Companies House formality — it now gates director appointments, filings and, in practice, bank mandates. This is a plain-English checklist for owner-managed companies, covering who is caught, the traps around agents and appointed persons, and what happens when verification is ignored.

Deadlock, Departure and Discount: A Co-Founder Exit Playbook for UK Companies
Dispute Resolution

Deadlock, Departure and Discount: A Co-Founder Exit Playbook for UK Companies

Most co-founder disputes begin as a disagreement about direction and end as a question about price. This playbook sets out the pressure points — deadlock, unfair prejudice, bad leaver drafting — and a step-by-step route to negotiating an exit before a claim is issued.

Five Boilerplate Clauses That Can Turn a Routine UK Contract Into a Costly Dispute
Commercial Contracts

Five Boilerplate Clauses That Can Turn a Routine UK Contract Into a Costly Dispute

Copied contract templates often carry small-print clauses that shift risk quietly and expensively. This practical guide explains five common boilerplate provisions UK SMEs should review before signing or reusing them.

When a Customer Goes Bust: Retention of Title and the Supplier's Recovery Playbook
Dispute Resolution

When a Customer Goes Bust: Retention of Title and the Supplier's Recovery Playbook

Retention of title can help suppliers recover stock when a customer becomes insolvent, but generic wording and poor records often undermine the claim. This guide explains how UK suppliers can improve their position before and after an insolvency event.

A Thumbs-Up Can Bind You: Informal Messages and Contract Risk in 2026
Commercial Contracts

A Thumbs-Up Can Bind You: Informal Messages and Contract Risk in 2026

An emoji, a quick email sign-off or a WhatsApp thread can sometimes do more than arrange a meeting: it may create legally binding obligations. This practical guide explains where informal agreements arise in UK SMEs and how to audit your channels before the next dispute.

A Solicitor's Letter Has Arrived: What UK Directors Should Do in the First Two Days
Dispute Resolution

A Solicitor's Letter Has Arrived: What UK Directors Should Do in the First Two Days

The first two days after a legal letter, petition threat or county court claim often shape the rest of the dispute. This director-level checklist covers deadlines, evidence, insurance, privilege and the limited value of a hurried reply.